Sarf, Nahw and meaning, through the Quran itself
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Free forever · Built as sadaqah jāriyah · Data from the Quranic Arabic Corpus
“All praise is for Allah, Lord of all the worlds.”
This word is made of two segments: a definite article (ٱلْ) and a noun (حَمْدُ).
The noun (حَمْدُ) is masculine, nominative; root ح م د; lemma حَمْد.
Moon letter (ḥarf qamarī): the lām of al- is pronounced, with sukūn.
ٱ at the start is hamzat al-waṣl: it is sounded only when you begin reading from this word, and skipped when joined to the word before.
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Nahw Lab
Al-Fātiḥa 1:2 is a nominal sentence. Its predicate is unspoken (understood as “established”), and “for Allah” attaches to it. The tree makes that invisible structure visible.
Graph: Quranic Arabic Corpus treebank
Sarf Lab
Patterns shape a root’s meaning. From ر ح م (tender mercy) come the two Divine Names in the basmala (the opening line بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ, “In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Especially Merciful”), the word for mercy, and even the word for womb.
Faʿlān suggests fullness; faʿīl suggests permanence. The shape of the word carries meaning a translation can’t.
| Word | Pattern | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| رَحِمَ | فَعِلَ | he had mercy |
| رَحْمَة | فَعْلَة | mercy |
| ٱلرَّحْمَٰن | فَعْلَان | the Most Merciful: vast, overflowing mercy |
| ٱلرَّحِيم | فَعِيل | the Especially Merciful: enduring mercy |
| أَرْحَام | أَفْعَال | wombs, ties of kinship |
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Al-Fātiḥa · Level 3
What is the root of
ٱلْحَمْدُ
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﴿إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ قُرْءَٰنًا عَرَبِيًّا لَّعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ﴾
“Indeed, We have sent it down as an Arabic Quran so that you may understand.” (Yūsuf 12:2)
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Voices of the tradition
تَعَلَّمُوا الْعَرَبِيَّةَ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ دِينِكُمْ
Learn Arabic, for it is part of your religion.
انْحُ هَذَا النَّحْوَ
Follow this path. These are the words from which naḥw is said to take its name.
قِيمَةُ كُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا يُحْسِنُهُ
The worth of every person is in what they do well.
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